Acid reflux is a condition in which contents of the stomach travel back up the esophagus, causing a painful burning sensation in the chest. Millions of people affected by acid reflux, also known as GERD (Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease), are at a higher risk for cancer and other dysfunctions of the digestive tract.
The condition itself results from the failure of the cardiac sphincter—the valve that shuts off the stomach from the esophagus—to remain fully closed. Aside from causing discomfort and being damaging to the esophagus and throat, acid reflux can also damage the teeth—severely in some cases.
It is vitally important to treat GERD, either by diet modification or, more commonly, with prescription medication. Foods such as citrus, tomato-based foods, red meat, wine, coffee, and all spicy dishes generally put people at higher risk for an acute bout of acid reflux.
Despite its common and easily identifiable symptoms, many people with GERD may have no signs at all. In these cases, a dentist may be the first healthcare provider to identify a patient affected by GERD.
The most common oral sign of acid reflux is the erosion of the lingual (inner) side of the front teeth or the biting surfaces of the lower back teeth. This erosion occurs when acid from the stomach enters the mouth and wears away tooth enamel. People with GERD may also experience chronic bad breath and pain or difficulty when swallowing.
In most cases, there is little treatment to be performed for the dental effects of acid reflux. Instead, the main priority is to control GERD and prevent further damage to the teeth. In unusually severe cases, restoring affected teeth may be necessary due to the amount of the lost enamel.
If you suffer from GERD or suspect that you do, ask your dentist about the condition of your teeth. With a few simple measures, you can protect your oral health from the damaging effects of stomach acid.